Description: The motivation for various asset valuation methods and their properties are briefly described. Some smoothed value or market-related methods based on arithmetic averaging and exponential smoothing are considered and their effect on funding is discussed. Suggestions for further research are also made.

Description: A mathematical model is described which facilitates the comparison of different pension funding methods. Rates of return are assumed firstly to be random and then to be represented by an autoregressive model for the corresponding force of interest. From Actuarial Research Clearing House 1990, Vol. 1.